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This video shows how to route the network of one container through another container. This is useful if you want to route a container through a vpn.Please, i. Giving the docker-machine vm have it's own subnet didn't work for me. I guess without split mode enabled/setup the vpn takes all connections. Docker-machine create –driver virtualbox –virtualbox-hostonly-cidr '25.0.1.100/24' dev. Oct 19, 2016 The Docker-for-Mac VM doesn't have any sound passthrough device, so there isn't anything that you could take advantage of from that angle. By contrast, a virtualbox or vmware fusion VM does have the ability to do passthrough audio. I was able to get pulseaudio installed and working on OSX with the following command.

A docker setup can be very helpful when trying to separate services if they are not packaged otherwise.We don’t only want to separate configuration in this post, but also the network configuration.

As docker has its own network stack we can route the traffic from containers. Usually it is difficult to tell a specific process to use only a specific interface. Most of the time a proxy within the Virtual Private Network is used to achieve this. This has also the benefit that, if the network interface does down and the routing rules are reset, then the traffic is not sent though some other default interface.

In this post we take the “proxy idea” to the next level. We will route the traffic of a whole docker container though a specific interface. If the interface goes down then the docker container is not allowed to communicate through any other interface.

First configure docker such that it does not get into our way in /etc/docker/daemon.json:

Depending on your docker setup you may not need this.

First we create a new docker network such that we can use proper interface names in our configuration and previously installed containers are not affected.

The network create action creates a new interface on the host with 172.18.0.1/16 as subnet. It will be called vpn within docker and Linux.You can validate the settings by checking ip a:

The docker host gets the IP 172.18.0.1.

Next we will create docker contains within the created subnet.

Now lets chroot into the container:

and look at the configuration:

We can also test the connection to the internet with curl -4 ifconfig.co.

The next step is to setup the routes which traffic from 172.18.0.0/16 through a vpn. We use OpenVPN here as it is wildly used. OpenVPN offers a way to setup routes with a --up and --down script. First we tell OpenVPN not to mess with the routing in any way with pull-filter ignore redirect-gateway. Here is a sample OpenVPN config to use with this setup:

The vpn-up.sh script has several parameters.

PararmeterDescriptionExample
docker_netThe vpn docker subnet172.18.0.0/16
local_netSome local network you want to route over eth0192.168.178.0/24
local_gatewayThe gateway of the local network192.168.178.1
trusted_ipSet by OpenVPN to the IP of the OpenVPN endpoint11.11.11.11
devSet by OpenVPN to OpenVPN interfacetun0

Note that eth0 is used here as interface over which OpenVPN makes a connection. Furthermore in my setup a private LAN is behind eth0.

Credits go to 0xacab

Here is the explanation for the rules:

LinesExplanation
8Creates a tables for packets coming from the docker vpn network
14-15Resets all the rules coming below by flushing the table
18-19Route packets to the OpenVPN endpoint over eth0
21-22Route packets coming from the docker vpn to the vpn table
27-29This is a trick by OpenVPN to get highest priority. 1
34-35Route packets going to docker network to the docker network

By leaving line 25 commented we only routing traffic from the docker vpn network over the OpenVPN.

The down.sh script removes the $trusted_ip which was added during setup.

Finally, we want to avoid that packets go over over the eth0 interface if the OpenVPN on tun0 is down.

Basically what this script says is that if traffic is coming from vpn and is routed through tun0 then reject it. Traffic between vpn and vpn is allowed. Traffic to and from the local network is also allowed. The last line is needed such that existing connections are accepted.

Docker For Mac Vpn Passthrough Free

These rules usually live at /etc/iptables/rules.v4.

Running curl -4 ifconfig.co inside the container should now show the IP you have when tunneling your traffic through the VPN. If the OpenVPN process is stopped then the curl should timeout.

What is DOCKER-USER?

IPtables rules are a bit of a pain with docker. Docker overwrites the iptables configuration when it starts. So if you want to add rules to the FORWARD chain you have to add the rules to DOCKER-USER instead such that they are not overwritten. You can read more about this in the manual. Basically we are acting here like a router. A IPtables rule like iptables -I DOCKER-USER -i src_if -o dst_if -j REJECT describes how packets are allowed to flow. We are restricting this to a flow between vpntun0.

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If you want to have a network configuration which does not change you should set 'iptables': false in /etc/docker/daemon.json. That way docker does not touch the IPtables rules. Before doing this I first copied the rules from IPtables when all containers are running. After stopping docker and setting the option to false I started the container again and applied the copied rules manually again.

When researching how to do this I sometimes has to lookup how routing and filtering actually works on Linux. Some tries by myself were based on marking packets coming from a specific process and then rejecting them if they are not flowing where they should. A further naive idea is to use the IPtables owner module with --uid-owner (iptables -m owner --help). This does not work with docker though because packets from docker never go though the INPUT, Routing Decision and OUTPUT chain as seen in the figure below.

Source: https://askubuntu.com/questions/579231/whats-the-difference-between-prerouting-and-forward-in-iptables

The packets from docker only go through PREROUTING, Routing Decision, FORWARD, Routing Decision, POSTROUTING. The best point to filter packets is at the FORWARD/DOCKER-USER chain as we can see from where the packet is coming and where it is going. Filtering by processes only works in the left part of the figure where the concept of Local Processes exists.

  • If you are interested in WireGuard you can read here more.
  1. It’s just a clever hack/trick.

    There’s actually TWO important extra routes the VPN adds:

    128.0.0.0/128.0.0.0 (covers 0.0.0.0 thru 127.255.255.255)0.0.0.0/128.0.0.0 (covers 128.0.0.0 thru 255.255.255.255)

    The reason this works is because when it comes to routing, a more specific route is always preferred over a more general route. And 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 (the default gateway) is as general as it gets. But if we insert the above two routes, the fact they are more specific means one of them will always be chosen before 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 since those two routes still cover the entire IP spectrum (0.0.0.0 thru 255.255.255.255).

    VPNs do this to avoid messing w/ existing routes. They don’t need to delete anything that was already there, or even examine the routing table. They just add their own routes when the VPN comes up, and remove them when the VPN is shutdown. Simple.

    Source: http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=277001↩︎

This is just a quick update to let you know that we’ve released another preview of Docker Desktop for Apple M1 chips, which you can download from our Docker Apple M1 Tech Preview page. The most exciting change in this version is that Kubernetes now works.

First, a big thank you to everyone who tried out the previous preview and gave us feedback. We’re really excited to see how much enthusiasm there is for this, and also really grateful to you for reporting what doesn’t yet work and what your highest priorities are for quick fixes. In this post, we want to update you on what we’ve done and what we’re still working on.

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Docker For Mac Vpn Passthrough

Some of the biggest things we’ve been doing since the New Year are not immediately visible but are an essential part of eventually turning this into a supported product. The previous preview was built on a developer’s laptop from a private branch. Now all of the code is fully integrated into our main development branch. We’ve extended our CI suite to add several M1 machines, and we’ve extended our CI code to build and test Docker Desktop itself and all our dependencies for both architectures in parallel. With the whole pipeline now automated, from now on we will be able to issue new previews on a more regular basis and have more confidence that our changes have not broken anything.

As for feature changes and bug fixes since the last preview, here are some of the highlights:

  • Kubernetes now works (although you might need to reset the cluster in our Troubleshoot menu one time to regenerate the certificates).
  • The host.docker.internal and vm.docker.internal DNS entries now resolve.
  • We removed hard-coded IP addresses: it now dynamically discovers the IP allocated by macOS.
  • osxfs file sharing now works.
  • We made a configuration change that should improve disk performance.
  • The Restart option in the Docker menu works.

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The last major thing that we’re still working on is:

  • HTTP proxy support. At the moment the HTTP proxy configured on the host is ignored.

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Finally, we are aware of the following items which are unfortunately out of our control. Here are our best recommendations for now:

  • Some corporate security or VPN software blocks the connection between the host and the VM, or the VM and the outside world. This can happen even if it doesn’t happen on Intel Macs because we had to switch to a new connection method with Apple’s new virtualization framework. There are some possible workarounds posted by users on our github issue, https://github.com/docker/for-mac/issues/5208.
  • If you are trying to run Intel-based containers on an M1 machine, they can sometimes crash. We are using a piece of software called qemu to emulate Intel chips on M1 but it occasionally fails to run the container. Where possible we recommend sticking to arm64 containers on M1 machines; they will also be faster.

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If you have an M1 Mac, then we invite you to download this new build and try it out. (Just bear in mind that it’s still a preview, so expect some rough edges.) If you encounter any bugs, please let us know on our GitHub repo. If you filed a bug against the previous preview, now would be a good time to retest it and let us know either that it’s now fixed or that it isn’t. You can chat with other users on the #docker-desktop-mac channel on our community Slack. And finally, if you’re the sort of user who wants to be the first to try out early versions of our software (not just M1) we invite you to join our Developer Preview Program.